Description: Reverse reads: "Youngstown Steel + Tube. Stipping [Stripping] Ingots, Youngstown. Photograph by W. A. Bartz." Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company plant, east from Center Street Bridge in Youngstown, Ohio at one time made most of America’s steel pipe and tubing. The “new” seamless tube mill, which simply plunges a hole through a solid cylinder of steel, furnished completed tubing far stronger than was possible under the old lap and butt welding process. The Youngstown Iron Sheet and Tube Company was one of the largest steel manufacturers in the world. The company was created by George D. Wick and James A. Campbell along with other local investors who wanted to maintain significant levels of local ownership within the city's manufacturing sector, on November 23, 1900. The home plant of YS&T was known as the Campbell Works located in Campbell and Struthers, Ohio (just south of downtown Youngstown). This plant contained four blast furnaces, twelve open hearth furnaces, blooming mills, two Bessemer converters, slabbing mill, butt weld tube mill, 79" hot strip mill, seamless tube mills and 9" and 12" bar mills at the Struthers Works. The Brier Hill Works consisted of two blast furnaces named Grace and Jeannette, twelve open hearth furnaces, 40" blooming mill, 35" intermediate blooming mill, 24" round mill, 84" and 132" plate mills and an electric weld tube mill. In 1952, during the Korean War, President Harry S. Truman attempted to seize United States steel mills in order to avert a strike. This led to the U.S. Supreme Court decision of Youngstown Sheet & Tube Company v. Sawyer, commonly referred to as The Steel Seizure Case. The decision limited the power of the President of the United States to seize private property in the absence of either specifically enumerated authority under Article Two of the United States Constitution or statutory authority conferred on him by Congress. Youngstown Sheet and Tube abruptly closed on September 19, 1977, a day the residents called “Black Monday”. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B08F02_003_001
Subjects: Industries--Ohio--Youngstown; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown; Steel ingots
Places: Youngstown (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverse reads: "Youngstown Sheet and Tube. Credit W.A. Bartz." This photo depicts an interior view of the Youngstown Sheet and Tube factory in Youngstown, Ohio. At one time, the Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company plant made most of America's steel pipe and tubing; the company was one of the largest steel manufacturers in the world. Youngstown Sheet and Tube was founded by George D. Wick and James A. Campbell along with other local investors, who wanted to maintain significant levels of local ownership within the city's manufacturing sector, on November 23, 1900. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B07F11_004_1
Subjects: Industries--Ohio--Youngstown; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown; Works Progress Administration of Ohio (U.S.)
Places: Youngstown (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverse reads: "Youngstown Sheet & Tube. Credit W.A. Bartz." This photograph shows man rubber belts criss-crossing from machine to ceiling, turning the wheels of spinning spools of, what is most likely, steel tubing. Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company plant, east from Center Street Bridge in Youngstown, Ohio at one time made most of America’s steel pipe and tubing. The “new” seamless tube mill, which simply plunges a hole through a solid cylinder of steel, furnished completed tubing far stronger than was possible under the old lap and butt welding process. The Youngstown Iron Sheet and Tube Company was one of the largest steel manufacturers in the world. The company was created by George D. Wick and James A. Campbell along with other local investors who wanted to maintain significant levels of local ownership within the city's manufacturing sector, on November 23, 1900. The home plant of YS&T was known as the Campbell Works located in Campbell and Struthers, Ohio (just south of downtown Youngstown). This plant contained four blast furnaces, twelve open hearth furnaces, blooming mills, two Bessemer converters, slabbing mill, butt weld tube mill, 79" hot strip mill, seamless tube mills and 9" and 12" bar mills at the Struthers Works. The Brier Hill Works consisted of two blast furnaces named Grace and Jeannette, twelve open hearth furnaces, 40" blooming mill, 35" intermediate blooming mill, 24" round mill, 84" and 132" plate mills and an electric weld tube mill. In 1952, during the Korean War, President Harry S. Truman attempted to seize United States steel mills in order to avert a strike. This led to the U.S. Supreme Court decision of Youngstown Sheet & Tube Company v. Sawyer, commonly referred to as The Steel Seizure Case. The decision limited the power of the President of the United States to seize private property in the absence of either specifically enumerated authority under Article Two of the United States Constitution or statutory authority conferred on him by Congress. Youngstown Sheet and Tube abruptly closed on September 19, 1977, a day the residents called “Black Monday”. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B08F02_026_001
Subjects: Industries--Ohio--Youngstown; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown
Places: Youngstown (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Reverse reads: "Youngstown Sheet & Tube. Credit W. A. Bartz." This photograph shows the length of the Youngstown Sheet and Tube plant. A crane hangs in the center, used for transporting heavy steel ingots from one end to the other. Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company plant, east from Center Street Bridge in Youngstown, Ohio at one time made most of America’s steel pipe and tubing. The “new” seamless tube mill, which simply plunges a hole through a solid cylinder of steel, furnished completed tubing far stronger than was possible under the old lap and butt welding process. The Youngstown Iron Sheet and Tube Company was one of the largest steel manufacturers in the world. The company was created by George D. Wick and James A. Campbell along with other local investors who wanted to maintain significant levels of local ownership within the city's manufacturing sector, on November 23, 1900. The home plant of YS&T was known as the Campbell Works located in Campbell and Struthers, Ohio (just south of downtown Youngstown). This plant contained four blast furnaces, twelve open hearth furnaces, blooming mills, two Bessemer converters, slabbing mill, butt weld tube mill, 79" hot strip mill, seamless tube mills and 9" and 12" bar mills at the Struthers Works. The Brier Hill Works consisted of two blast furnaces named Grace and Jeannette, twelve open hearth furnaces, 40" blooming mill, 35" intermediate blooming mill, 24" round mill, 84" and 132" plate mills and an electric weld tube mill. In 1952, during the Korean War, President Harry S. Truman attempted to seize United States steel mills in order to avert a strike. This led to the U.S. Supreme Court decision of Youngstown Sheet & Tube Company v. Sawyer, commonly referred to as The Steel Seizure Case. The decision limited the power of the President of the United States to seize private property in the absence of either specifically enumerated authority under Article Two of the United States Constitution or statutory authority conferred on him by Congress. Youngstown Sheet and Tube abruptly closed on September 19, 1977, a day the residents called “Black Monday”. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B08F02_029_001
Subjects: Industries--Ohio--Youngstown; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown
Places: Youngstown (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: National Guard soldiers patrolling east Youngstown after a striking steelworkers riot at Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company, Youngstown, Ohio, January 1916. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL03657
Subjects: Ohio. National Guard; Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown--History
Places: Youngstown (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: This photograph shows a factory in the Mahoning Valley region, specifically in Youngstown, Ohio. The railroad tracks are separated from the factory by the river, which is spanned by a bridge in the distance. The factory, which features a number of billowing smokestacks, was most likely part of the steel industry in the Youngstown area. After getting its start in steel in the 1880s, Youngstown was second only to Pittsburgh in terms of total steel production in the United States by the 1920s. Though hampered by labor conflicts and the Great Depression, the industry continued to grow through World War II. With the further growth of the automobile industry in the years following the war and its demand for steel, Youngstown's economy expanded even more. This economic growth slowed in the late 20th century, as the steel industry across the United States began to decline. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: SA1039AV_B07F09_001_1
Subjects: Mahoning River; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown--History; Factories; Manufacturing industries--Ohio
Places: Youngstown (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: #1 Blast Furnace US Steel Corporation Ohio Works. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AC2_YHCIL_MSS0009_B01F32_001
Subjects: Blast furnaces--Equipment and supplies; Blast furnaces--Design and construction; Steel industry and trade--Youngstown (Ohio); Blast furnaces--United States; Blast Furnace--Ohio; United States Steel Corporation
Places: Youngstown (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: #2 Blast Furnace US Steel Corporation Ohio Works. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AC2_YHCIL_MSS0009_B01F36_002
Subjects: Blast furnaces--Equipment and supplies; Blast furnaces--Design and construction; Steel industry and trade--Youngstown (Ohio); Blast furnaces--United States; Blast Furnace--Ohio; United States Steel Corporation
Places: Youngstown (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: When raw materials for making steel arrived at the Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company's Campbell Works in rail cars, the most efficient way to get the material into the yard was to tip the car over. Seen here, ca. 1920, a machine called the car dumper was used to lift each car and turn it. The dumping of raw materials into piles was also called "baling." View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AL05586
Subjects: Youngstown (Ohio); Railroads; Ohio Economy--Economy--Business; Steel industry and trade--Ohio--Youngstown--History; Factories
Places: East Youngstown (Ohio); Campbell (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Blast furnace at US Steel Ohio Works Youngstown, Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AC2_YHCIL_MSS0009_B07F06_003.tif;AC2_YHCIL_MSS0009_B07F06_003
Subjects: Blast furnaces--Equipment and supplies; Blast furnaces--Design and construction; Steel industry and trade--Youngstown (Ohio); Blast furnaces--United States; Blast Furnace--Ohio; United States Steel Corporation
Places: Youngstown (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Blast furnace at US Steel Ohio Works Youngstown, Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AC2_YHCIL_MSS0009_B07F06_005.tif;AC2_YHCIL_MSS0009_B07F06_005
Subjects: Blast furnaces--Equipment and supplies; Blast furnaces--Design and construction; Steel industry and trade--Youngstown (Ohio); Blast furnaces--United States; Blast Furnace--Ohio; United States Steel Corporation
Places: Youngstown (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)
 

Description: Blast furnace at US Steel Ohio Works Youngstown, Ohio. View on Ohio Memory.
Image ID: AC2_YHCIL_MSS0009_B07F06_008.tif;AC2_YHCIL_MSS0009_B07F06_008
Subjects: Blast furnaces--Equipment and supplies; Blast furnaces--Design and construction; Steel industry and trade--Youngstown (Ohio); Blast furnaces--United States; Blast Furnace--Ohio; United States Steel Corporation
Places: Youngstown (Ohio); Mahoning County (Ohio)